Body and Breath

Each month a new series questions will be posted on the Questions & Answers page along with the answers and explanations.

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Qustions & Answers, October, 2003, with page references for Anatomy of Hatha Yoga:

How are “upper motor neurons” important in controlling willed activity? (34)

Where are the cell bodies of “upper motor neurons” located? (34)

Where do axons of “upper motor neurons” terminate? (34)

Where are cell bodies of “lower motor neurons” located? (34)

Where do axons of “lower motor neurons” terminate? (34)

Why are “lower motor neurons” referred to collectively as the final common pathway? (34)

If someone simply refers to motor neurons, which class of motor neurons are they referring to? (34)

Locate the cell body and axon of the upper motor neuron on page 35.

Locate the cell body and axon of the lower motor neuron on page 35.

Locate the motor decussation on page 35.

What segment of the brain stem contains the motor decussation. (35)

Name the paired spinal nerves mentioned on page 35.

What specific class of neurons are destroyed in poliomyelitis? (34)

Why do muscles become flaccid in flaccid paralysis? (34)

If a peripheral nerve is cut or crushed, what is the result? (34)

If upper motor neurons are destroyed, what kind of paralysis results? (34)

Why is some semblance of motor function preserved in spastic paralysis? (34)

Locate the vascular lesion and the three neurons whose axons are severed on page 37.

Locate the three neurons whose axons are spared on page 37.

How does it happen that the final common pathway is preserved in spastic paralysis? (37)

A spinal cord transection in the lower thoracic region results in what condition? (36 and 87)

A spinal cord transection just below C5 results in what condition? (36 and 87)

Why is sensory input to the brain from below the transection lost in paraplegia and quadriplegia? (36 and 87)

Why is motor output to the muscles below the transection lost in paraplegia and quadriplegia? (36 and 87)